Thursday, December 17, 2015

The Politics of Aristotle

"The wisdom of the crowd or the collective opinion of a group of individuals is often better than that of a single expert."

I read this from a media woman about a year ago and it has stuck to me eversince. As one man, you are limited in planning and legwork. And there are experiences that are unique to each member of the crowd thus an expert cannot experience all of it nor possibly know all about it. I would say I work with the crowd because most of my blog posts are influenced by the crowd. Some blog posts I borrow their words and I add into it. We have constant communication and deliberation about things in general.

As I research further, this crowd wisdom is a lesson in politics as defined by Aristotle.

1289a: 26-28: As was established previously in the first book of the Politics, there are three “straight” or “upright” [and therefore correct and good] systems of government (orthai politeiai): kingship, aristocracy, and polity.

1265b: 26-28: The system of government called polity is midway between democracy and oligarchy.

1293b: 33-37: Polity is, to put it simply, a mixture of oligarchy and democracy. The kinds of polities that tend towards democracy are customarily referred to by the name of polity, while those that tend towards oligarchy are called aristocracies.

1307a: 15-16: The systems of government inclining more toward oligarchy are called aristocracies, while those inclining more toward the multitude (plethos) [which can also mean “democracy”] are called polities.

1279b: 4-10: There are three systems of government diverging from the three “straight” systems: tyranny diverging from kingship, oligarchy diverging from aristocracy, and democracy diverging from polity. Each diverging system (parekbasis) is structured to operate to the advantage of the ruler(s); for example, democracy is rule to the advantage of the poor. None of the diverging systems aims at the profit of every type of citizen in common.

1289a: 28-1289b5: Of these three diverging systems of government, tyranny is the worst (which is to say the furthest from polity), oligarchy the next worst, and democracy the most moderate.
1279a: 17-21: While straight systems of government are concerned with the common advantage according to what is quite simply just, diverging forms of government are those that in error serve the interest of the ruler(s). Diverging forms of government tend to have an element of despotism, because a city-state is a partnership of the free.

1259a: 39-1259b10: The rule that a husband has over his wife, a free person, is the same sort of rule that exists over free persons in a polity. Since the male is more fit to rule by nature, he will rule continuously in the household, unless he is somehow unnatural. In contrast, when citizens are equals and do not differ, then the roles of ruler and ruled will alternate.

1309b: 19-35: Diverging types of government fail to pay attention to the middle. Institutions suitable to a certain type of government can be the downfall of that type of government if they become too extreme. Just as a nose [on a statue] can still be appealing to look at if it diverges from the straightness that is beautiful but can become not even a nose if an artist pushes it too far in the direction of the extremes, so, too, a system of government such as democracy that diverges from the best system can still be adequate if it is not pushed to an extreme.

1287b: 39-41: There is no such thing as a person being naturally fitted for any of the diverging systems of governments, for they have come into being contrary to nature (physis).


So its not the crowd in itself that we must communicate with. Its the middle class people we must empower because they have the knowledge and they have humble careers that will have pride that they will hold on to their beliefs. The poor which are the uneducated are babies so you have to take care of them and raise them up. So if it were me, I would exclude these babies in voting because they are babies. What do they know about governance? As there are qualifications for leaders, they should also be qualifications for voters. Like they must pass the Civil Service Sub-professional Exam to be able to vote.

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